Latest Update: May 20, 2004
A List Of
Forces Or Phenomena Which Might Be
Contributing To Earthquake Triggering Processes
More Detailed Explanations Of Those Forces Or Phenomena.
This Web page contains a list of theories regarding forces or phenomena which might be involved with earthquake triggering processes. The Web page author is not claiming to be the first person to propose many of them. Most have probably been discussed for decades or in some cases centuries.
Visitors to this Web page are invited to submit other earthquake triggering theories for possible addition to this page. Comments can also be submitted for possible expansion, support, or rebuttal of any of the theories listed here. Please send the comments to: seismic@ix.netcom.com
Entries in the following list have been arranged according to what the Web page author presently believes might be how quickly they can cause an earthquake to be triggered. The fastest acting forces are towards the top of the list. Underlined entries are linked to short theory discussions which are listed towards the end of this report or in other reports.
Earthquake related ohmic
heating
Earthquake related electric charge repulsion
Earthquake related magnetic material pressure
Physical shock waves from earthquakes,
and from
volcanic eruptions and other powerful explosions
Atmospheric storm related air drag
Moon gravity related weight change due to atmosphere tide
Sun gravity related weight change due to atmosphere tide
Moon gravity interactions with the Earth's crust
Sun gravity interactions with the Earth's
crust
Internal pressure related to the revolution of
the
Earth's core around the sun - Earth - moon center of mass
Ocean tide related water drag
Ocean tide related water weight change
Atmospheric storm related ocean water drag
Strain shift related to earthquakes occurring elsewhere
Temperature related atmosphere weight change
Geomagnetic storm related ohmic heating
Geomagnetic storm related electric charge repulsion
Geomagnetic storm related magnetic material pressure
Solar flare related ohmic heating
Solar flare related electric charge repulsion
Solar flare related magnetic material pressure
Rainwater related effects
Underground magma movement
Polar motion including seasonal wobble and Chandler's wobble
Other planets' gravity related weight change due to atmosphere tide
Other planets' gravity interactions with the Earth's crust
Dam construction related water weight change
Underground aquifer draining due to irrigation
Water weight shift due to greenhouse effect related glacier melting
Separation type movement of tectonic plates
Parallel movement of tectonic plates relative to one another
Compression type movement of tectonic plates
Water weight shift due to normal glacier melting following an ice age
Localized crustal rebound after glacier melting related weight loss
Localized pressure on the crust resulting from mountain building
Gradual cooling and compression of the Earth
Moon gravity related gradual slowing of the Earth's North - South Pole axis rotation
Sun gravity related gradual slowing of the Earth's North - South Pole axis rotation
Centrifugal force associated with the Earth's daily rotation on its North and South Pole axis
Gravity related pressure for the Earth to assume a sphere shape
Pressure for the Earth to assume
an egg shape due to its
rotation around the sun - Earth - moon center of mass
Friction, bending, stretching,
and compression processes
associated with the Solid Earth Tide and ocean tides etc.
It should be remembered that many or most of the following are simply theoretical discussions, not established fact.
Earthquake related ohmic heating - Powerful earthquakes can generate strong electromagnetic energy field pulses. Energy associated with those pulses flows into earthquake fault zones around the world causing their rock layers to quickly heat and expand.
Earthquake related electric charge repulsion - Powerful earthquakes can generate strong electromagnetic energy field pulses. Energy associated with those pulses flows into earthquake fault zones around the world where it is temporarily stored in the form of ions and polarized molecules which repel one another and cause the fault zone rock layers to quickly expand.
Earthquake related magnetic material pressure - Powerful earthquakes can generate strong electromagnetic energy field pulses which produce temporary changes in the Earth's geomagnetic field. Magnetic materials in earthquake fault zone rock layers respond to those changes by being pushed or pulled in the same direction or in different directions resulting in earthquake triggering strain being abruptly added to the fault zone rock layers.
Moon gravity interactions with the
Earth's crust (and)
Sun gravity interactions with the Earth's crust (and)
Other planets' gravity interactions with the Earth's crust
- The gravitational pulls of the sun, the moon, and the other planets
in our galaxy interact with the rock layers of earthquake fault zones
in such a manner that earthquake triggering strain is temporarily added
to them in a cyclic manner. Effects related
the moon's gravity are 2 to 2.5 times as strong as those of the sun. Effects
related to the gravitational pulls of the other planets are so weak in comparison
with those of the sun and the moon that they can be ignored. Note: Some researchers believe that planetary alignment
can have an impact on earthquake triggering. I
do not know if they feel that gravitational forces are involved. See
also: An External Source Of Pressure On The Earth's
Crust
Return To EQ-Forecasting Homepage
This first version of this Web page was stored at this site on
July 15, 2002. Comments regarding this
Web site are welcome.
Please send them to: seismic@ix.netcom.com The information in
this Web page represents expressions of personal opinion by
the Web page author. The address -URL-
for this Web page is:
http://www.freewebz.com/eq-forecasting/129.html
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