Canine Kidney Problems
Two kinds of kidney failure
Chronic kidney failure occurs when the kidneys can no longer excrete waste products, produce hormones and regulate the chemical composition of body fluids, all of which are crucial functions for your pet’s health. Chronic kidney failure will cause kidney function to decrease slowly over a long period of time so physical symptoms will appear gradually.
Acute kidney failure is characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function that causes changes in body chemistry such as alterations in fluid and mineral balances. These abrupt changes will negatively affect almost every body system. Because kidney function declines so quickly, the physical symptoms are more dramatic with acute kidney failure.
Causes of kidney failure
The most common cause of kidney failure is kidneys “wearing out” with age. Kidney failure can also be caused by ingesting toxic substances, including antifreeze, some anti-inflammatory drugs and certain kinds of antibiotics. Additionally, some infections may cause kidney function to decline.
Physical signs of kidney failure
The following signs may be indicative of kidney failure. Notify your veterinarian if you see any of these signs in your pet.
* Excessive drinking
* Increased urination
* Lethargy
* Vomiting
* Bad breath
* Not eating for more than one day
* Weakness or lack of coordination when walking
* Depression
* Weight loss or wasting of muscle tissue
While acute kidney failure is potentially reversible, chronic kidney failure is not and an acute kidney problem may develop into a chronic problem. Pets experiencing chronic kidney failure may not respond to treatment at all or they may live for another few months or years. Your veterinarian will take into account your pet’s history, physical examination and laboratory test results to determine if your pet is suffering from acute or chronic failure. Your veterinarian may also wish to conduct a kidney biopsy to give you an accurate prognosis of your pet’s condition and life expectancy.
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